Full Spectrum vs Broad Spectrum vs CBD Isolate: How To Choose the Best CBD Spectrum Type?
CBD products are now incredibly popular, but you may not know what type of product you are selecting. While you can choose from tinctures, capsules, edibles, vapes, there are also differences between a full spectrum product and an isolate. These products can come from different sources, and they can provide you with various benefits.
At first, glance, choosing a product that will benefit you can seem overwhelming. That’s why it is important to conduct adequate research before you make a purchase. With CBD (or cannabidiol) only being one out of over 100 different compounds within the Cannabis Sativa species, other cannabinoids could be very helpful for the issue that you are attempting to treat. Some work quite well together. Of course, CBD can also provide benefits all by itself.
TL;DR (Too Long; Didn’t Read):
The three main forms of CBD spectrum are very different from each other because of the cannabidiols and other compounds retained during the production process.
The main difference between full spectrum and broad spectrum CBD is that full spectrum contains less than 0.3 percent THC, and broad spectrum does not contain measurable THC. The main difference between full spectrum and isolate CBD is that full spectrum CBD contains THC and other compounds, while isolate CBD only contains CBD.
Table of Contents
What Is Full Spectrum CBD?
A full spectrum CBD product will contain a wide variety of essential vitamins, protein, fatty acids, chlorophyll, flavonoids, fiber, and terpenes. Hemp contains a large number of different cannabinoids. Some of these cannabinoids are found in tiny amounts.
The most common are CBD and CBDa. CBDa is seen more frequently in the hemp plant. It requires manufacturers to use the process of decarboxylation, which heats the oil and changes the CBDa into CBD. Remember, CBD that comes from cannabis is only legal in states that allow medicinal marijuana use. CBD from hemp is legal in all 50 states thanks to the US Farm Bill of 2014.
The Benefits of Full Spectrum
A very comprehensive study took place in 2015, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem’s Hadassah School. This study was a comparison between full spectrum extracts and standalone CBD. Full spectrum product was more beneficial for people dealing with persistent discomfort.
The active compounds extracted from hemp and placed inside of full spectrum CBD work together to increase the therapeutic effects on your body. When these compounds and cannabinoids work synergically, they produce what’s called the “entourage effect“. Many reputable brands are now selling full spectrum products as their primary item because of this effect.
What Is The Entourage Effect?
The entourage effect is the theory that the various plant compounds in the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, terpenes and flavonoids, interact with each other to produce a more significant effect than they would alone. For instance, the presence of THC in full spectrum CBD can enhance the therapeutic effects of CBD. There is research evidence that there is an enhanced effect when taking a full spectrum CBD versus isolate CBD. Broad spectrum CBD would also have an entourage effect because it has all the hemp plant compounds except THC.
What Will You Find in a Full Spectrum Hemp Oil Product?
Cannabinoids
THC and CBD are two well-known cannabinoids. There are over 100 others than you can find within a full spectrum product
Cannabigerol (CBG)
It’s the stem cell of cannabinoids. CBG oil is known as this because of its ability to transform into other cannabinoids. Most plants will have a low level of CBG because of this fact.
Cannabinol (CBN)
As THC degrades, it turns into CBN. The fresh plant contains very minimal levels. Decarboxylation raises CBN in a final product. You will notice a psychotropic effect with the presence of CBN, as it affects the CB2 receptor more than the CB1 receptor.
Cannabichromene (CBC)
While now scientists have not done a lot of research on CBC, but it is very prevalent in certain types of marijuana. With little information known on this compound, it is unclear if CBC has the same effects on the body that a full spectrum CBD oil and other cannabinoids have.
Terpenes
Terpenes are chemicals that work well with cannabinoids to heal and balance the body. Some of the most common terpenes include:
1. Limonene
A reliever that can boost the mood, and it helps with specific gastrointestinal issues.
2. Pinene
Pinene helps with mental alertness and memory retention.
Minerals and Vitamins
The most common vitamins found in a full spectrum tincture product are vitamins A, C, E, and B complex vitamins. There are also minerals that are necessary for proper health and nutrition. It includes iron, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and potassium.
Protein and Fats
You will also find as many as 20 amino acids in a full spectrum CBD isolate product. Essential fatty acids like Omega 3 and Omega 6 are included. They promote heart health, and they help repair bodily tissue.
Full Spectrum CBD Pros
- You may enjoy the entourage effect
- It contains all of the hemp plant cannabinoids
- It has terpenes, flavonoids and other plant compounds that may deliver additional benefits
Cons
- It contains up to 0.3% THC so there is a risk of showing up on a drug test
- THC is psychoactive so some people may experience unwanted side-effects, depending on their metabolism
- THC may cause drowsiness or anxiety
- Products may have a stronger earthy flavor
What Is Broad Spectrum CBD?
Broad spectrum CBD contains CBD, trace cannabidiols and other compounds like terpenes, pinene and myrcene with one exception. Though some products may contain a trace of THC so negligible that it does not register, broad spectrum CBD typically does not contain any THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). Broad spectrum is between full spectrum CBD and CBD isolate.
It is a broad spectrum CBD product in which the CBD extracts are mixed with a carrier oil for ease of use. There are a variety of carrier oils used, including coconut oil, hemp seed oil, olive oil, and grape seed oil.
What are the Benefits of Broad Spectrum CBD?
Broad spectrum CBD is very popular for several reasons. Following are some of the main benefits.
✅ May offer the “entourage effect” as well.
Broad spectrum CBD is a whole plant extract. Since the broad spectrum CBD oil contains many cannabidiol compounds, product users may get a synergistic effect. The theory says that compounds working together produce more benefits than a compound working alone.
This product is ideal for people who do not want to consume or use any THC. Since there is no measurable THC, people undergoing drug testing do not have to worry.
✅ May promote relaxation
People consuming broad spectrum CBD have noted it helps them relax either before going to sleep or throughout the day.
✅ Soothes the skin
People using topical CBD oil products, including lotions and creams, have found relief for dry, flaky, or irritated skin.
✅ Less processed than CBD isolate
Since all the compounds are extracted, there is less processing needed compared to CBD isolate.
✅ Wide range of products
Broad spectrum CBD is found in many different products, including oils, creams, lotions, capsules, and gummies, to name a few.
To sum up, let’s name pros and cons of broad spectrum CBD products.
Pros
- You may enjoy the entourage effect without THC or a negligible amount
- It is non-intoxicating since THC is removed
- Very unlikely to show up on a drug test
- Less processed compared to isolate CBD
- There is no chance of addiction because its THC levels are non-detectable
Cons
- It does not contain THC, which may have enhanced the entourage effect
- It requires additional processing compared to full spectrum CBD, so that products may cost a little more
- It may have a hemp flavor, depending on the product
What is a CBD Isolate?
You will see CBD isolate oil for sale when shopping for CBD products. It is CBD isolate mixed with a carrier oil. It is also available in crystal form.
CBD isolate is exactly what the name implies. The CBD in the cannabis plant is isolated from all other compounds during processing. This means that other compounds, like flavonoids and terpenes, essential oils, and other plant parts are processed out. CBD isolate does not contain any THC, or like broad spectrum CBD, may contain a minute amount.
Purchasing isolate CBD is the way to get the purest form of CBD. To extract just the CBD requires more processing than needed for full spectrum CBD and broad spectrum CBD. However, high quality isolates are 99 percent pure, so you get the highest concentration of CBD possible per serving.
Pros
- It is pure CBD and does not have any THC content
- There is no possibility of getting high
- There is no possibility of testing positive for THC
- It’s odorless and flavorless so can mix with drinks and into food without changing the flavor that
Cons
- It’s the most processed CBD product
- It doesn’t offer the entourage effect
Extraction Methods Used
Various producers use different extraction processes to obtain their CBD extract. The three most common extraction processes today are CO2 extraction, ethanol extraction and steam distillation extraction.
CO2 extraction
This process uses pressurized carbon dioxide to separate the CBD extract from the hemp plant. It is technically considered a solvent-based extraction procedure because CO2 is a gas that behaves like a solvent when subjected to high pressure.
However, this is a much cleaner extraction process than using chemical solvents like ethanol. Also, CO2 does not leave residual solvents. The most advanced method being used more often is supercritical CO2 extraction, which produces higher yields and is more efficient. CO2 extraction extracts CBD, THC, CBN, CBG, THCV, terpenes, flavonoids, and fatty acids. The CBD extract is then further processed to remove compounds like waxes and chlorophyll.
Ethanol extraction
This process uses high-proof grain alcohol as a solvent for extracting cannabinoids and other compounds. The hemp plant material is soaked in ethanol to dissolve cannabinoids and terpenes. The solution is filtered to separate the solvent. Residual solvent is removed through evaporation or distillation in a process called winterization.
Steam distillation extract
The hemp plant material is first put in a distillation tank. A second tank produces steam via boiling water. The steam is passed through the plant material to separate the CBD oil. The oil and vapor rise, and the vaporized oil is transferred to a condenser. The steam in the condenser is condensed into water and oil. Finally, the oil and water are distilled to obtain the CBD extract.
CBD Extraction Methods: What are the Best and Safest?
A CBD extract is processed further if CBD broad spectrum is needed. Broad spectrum extract is THC-free. The THC is removed using a method like flash chromatography to separate the plant extract compounds further. The extraction process removes all compounds in the hemp plant material to produce CBD isolate, leaving pure CBD in crystal form. The crystals can be ground into a powder.
So, broad spectrum CBD and isolated CBD are made by adapting the extraction process in some manner. The manufacturer may add steps to the process or change the temperature and pressure used.
What Type of CBD Spectrum Should You Use?
The type of CBD spectrum you use depends on your needs. All three CBD spectrums have proven beneficial to different people. It is really a matter of personal preference plus consideration of the qualities of each spectrum. It is important to know what you are using or consuming.
For example, select a CBD spectrum only if able to answer questions like, “Does full spectrum CBD contain THC?” and “What is the difference between full spectrum and isolate CBD?” and “What is the difference between full spectrum vs broad spectrum CBD?”
If you want a small amount of THC, choose full spectrum CBD which has less than 0.3 percent THC by law. If you want a high concentrated dose of CBD, you will prefer CBD isolate. If you want to make sure you can pass a drug test, then you will buy products with broad spectrum CBD or isolate CBD.
Some of the things to consider when choosing the type of CBD spectrum include the following.
• Sensitivity to THC
• Flavor preferences
• Whether you undergo drug testing for work or other reasons
• State laws concerning CBD products
• Biological makeup, i.e. weight, chemical makeup, etc.
• Reasons for using CBD, i.e. difficulty falling asleep, general entourage effect, etc.
• Product forms and price
Before selecting a CBD spectrum, make a list of the reasons you are interested in the products. Then compare your needs to the pros and cons of each spectrum type.
Full Spectrum CBD
Full spectrum CBD contains CBD, all other cannabinoids and compounds and THC within legal limits. It is the best spectrum choice for people who want to enjoy the benefits of THC and CBD.
✔ Offers the “entourage effect” because it contains all the cannabis plant compounds
✔ Contains a low legal amount of THC – 0.3% THC
✔ Requires less processing than broad spectrum CBD and isolate CBD
✔ Ideal for those who are open to THC and seeking enhanced effects
✔ Provides a deeper, whole-plant CBD experience
Full Spectrum Bestellers:
Broad Spectrum CBD
Broad spectrum CBD contains a variety of cannabis plant compounds but no THC. It is a good choice for people who want the additional benefits of the inclusion of all the cannabinoids and not just CBD. Some studies suggest but have not proven, that it is the cannabinoids and other compounds working together that provide the greatest benefits.
✔ Offers the “entourage effect” because it contains all the cannabis plant compounds
✔ Contains no or trace amount of THC (0.0% THC)
✔ Minimally processed
✔ Can be used in states where cannabis is legal
✔ Perfect if you are subjected to drug tests
Broad Spectrum Bestsellers:
CBD Isolate
CBD isolate is pure CBD and is best for people who want to take higher doses of CBD than the other spectrums offer. It is also a safe choice for people who regularly take drug screening tests and live in states where there are strict laws concerning THC.
✔ Highest quality CBD product
✔ Pure CBD product which means there is no other cannabinoids to consider in terms of potential effects or sensitivities
✔ Contains no THC, so no concerns about psychoactive effects
✔ Will not test positive for THC on a drug test
✔ Odorless and tasteless
✔ Can add to any beverage or food because it is odorless and tasteless
Isolate Bestsellers:
FAQs
Is Broad or Full Spectrum CBD Better for Sleep?
Each person experiences different CBD effects. Research has found that CBD has a calming effect on the nervous system. Studies have also found CBD may help with falling and staying asleep.
Full spectrum CBD has all the hemp plant cannabinoids, which includes some THC and CBN. THC can cause sleepiness. CBN is called the “sleepy cannabinoid” because it produces a relaxation effect.
However, there is a wealth of anecdotal evidence that broad spectrum CBD promotes relaxation before going to sleep.
Which Form of CBD is Most Effective?
CBD is available in many forms, each with its unique benefits. CBD oils and tinctures are popular for their fast-acting nature, while capsules and gummies offer a convenient and discreet way to consume CBD. The effectiveness of CBD depends on factors like CBD potency and the user’s metabolism, but CBD is equally effective in any product form and CBD spectrum.
Is Full Spectrum CBD Better?
Full spectrum CBD offers the full range of cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids and other compounds in the hemp plant, including THC. This means you may get the full entourage effect, which some people consider better. On the other hand, broad spectrum CBD also provides an entourage effect, but without the presence of THC, making it a preferred choice for those who want to avoid taking any THC.
Which CBD Type is Best for Drug Tests?
The best CBD type for drug tests is isolate CBD, which has no THC. There is also a broad spectrum CBD manufactured that is THC-free because the brand has removed THC to a nearly undetectable level. It is important to understand though that any THC could theoretically show up on a drug test if the test is sensitive enough.
Summary
Consuming a full spectrum CBD vape oil, tincture, capsule or other product is much more beneficial than just CBD on its own. While a CBD-based product can help your body function optimally, there is still a lot of room for improvement. Choosing a full spectrum CBD wax provides you with many different cannabinoids, terpenes, vitamins and minerals that you need each day to live your best life.
The bottom line is that the main difference between full spectrum and broad spectrum CBD is that CBD full spectrum contains less than 0.3 percent THC, and CBD broad spectrum does not contain measurable THC. The main difference between full spectrum and isolate CBD is that full spectrum CBD contains THC and other compounds, while isolate CBD only contains CBD.
The main difference between full spectrum CBD and broad spectrum CBD versus CBD isolate is that isolate is pure CBD and does not contain other cannabis compounds, while both full spectrum and broad spectrum do.
It may seem confusing at first. Medical research is ongoing as to the effectiveness of each type of spectrum. There is some research though that has demonstrated evidence for cannabidiol health benefits. Once you learn what makes the CBD spectrums unique, it is much easier to determine which spectrum and which products are the best ones to try. It is a journey of discovery to determine which CBD spectrum works best for you and your situation.
Sources
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10095677/
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00290
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36330630/
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30624194/
- https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/cannabidiol-cbd-what-we-know-and-what-we-dont-2018082414476
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11736144/
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